The streaming instability (SI) is a leading candidate for planetesimal formation, which can
concentrate solids through two-way aerodynamic interactions with the gas. The resulting …

Context. The physics and chemistry of planet-forming disks are far from being fully
understood. To make further progress, both broad line surveys and observations of …

Context. Growing evidence suggests that protoplanetary discs may be influenced by late
stage infall from the interstellar medium (ISM). It remains unclear the degree to which infall …

Turbulence is crucial for protoplanetary disk dynamics, and vertical shear instability (VSI) is
a promising mechanism in outer disk regions to generate turbulence. We use the Athena++ …

Planets form from protoplanetary discs of dust and gas that surround stars younger than a
few million years. The properties of these discs dictate how planets grow, determining the …

Context. The ongoing physical and chemical processes in planet-forming disks set the stage
for planet (and comet) formation. The asymmetric disk around the young star Oph-IRS 48 …

The planetary population synthesis method aims at comprehensively testing planet
formation theories against observational evidence and providing theoretical sets of planets …

We review the recent observations of protoplanetary disks together with relevant theoretical
studies with an emphasis on the evolution of volatiles. In the last several years the Atacama …

Context: Herbig stars can be classified into group I and group II depending on the shape of
the far-IR excess from the spectral energy distribution. This separation may be evolutionary …

Planets are assembled in and inherit their properties and composition from gas-and dust-
rich discs orbiting young stars. Over the last decade, the Atacama Large Millimeter …