Background The dietary consumption of cuprizone–a copper chelator–has long been known
to induce demyelination of specific brain structures and is widely used as model of multiple …

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly specialized brain endothelial structure of the fully
differentiated neurovascular system. In concert with pericytes, astrocytes, and microglia, the …

There is increasing awareness of the ubiquitous role of oxidative stress in
neurodegenerative disease states. A continuing challenge is to be able to distinguish …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) has long been regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease of the
white matter that leads to demyelination and eventually to neurodegeneration. In the past …

The astrocytic glutamate transporters excitatory amino acid transporters 1 and 2 (EAAT1 and
EAAT2) play a key role in nervous system function to maintain extracellular glutamate levels …

Excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) encompass a class of five transporters with
distinct expression in neurons and glia of the central nervous system (CNS). EAATs are …

Multiple lines of evidence in schizophrenia, from brain imaging, studies in postmortem
brains, and genetic association studies, have implicated oligodendrocyte and myelin …

Oligodendrocyte death and demyelination are hallmarks of multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we
show that ATP signaling can trigger oligodendrocyte excitotoxicity via activation of calcium …

Oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and excitotoxicity are frequently considered distinct but
common hallmarks of several neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease …

Neurodegeneration is the irremediable pathological event occurring during chronic
inflammatory diseases of the CNS. Here we show that, in experimental autoimmune …