Post-translational modifications (PTMs) create vast structural and functional diversity of
proteins, ultimately modulating protein function and degradation, influencing cellular …

Progress in structural biology research has led to a high demand for powerful and yet
complementary analytical tools for structural characterization of proteins and protein …

Native mass spectrometry (MS) of proteins and protein assemblies reveals size and binding
stoichiometry, but elucidating structures to understand their function is more challenging …

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are two of the most
important therapeutic drug classes that require extensive characterization, whereas their …

Biotherapeutics and their biosimilar versions have been flourishing in the biopharmaceutical
market for several years. Structural and functional characterization is needed to achieve …

Disulfide bonds in proteins have a substantial impact on protein structure, stability, and
biological activity. Localizing disulfide bonds is critical for understanding protein folding and …

193 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) allows high sequence coverage to be obtained
for intact proteins using terminal fragments alone. However, internal fragments, those that …

Recent advances in top-down mass spectrometry strategies continue to improve the
analysis of intact proteins. 193 nm ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) is one method well …

Top-down mass spectrometry (TD-MS) generates fragment ions that returns information on
the polypeptide amino acid sequence. In addition to terminal fragments, internal fragments …

In the context of direct top-down analysis or concerted bottom-up characterization of nucleic
acid samples, the waning yield of terminal fragments as a function of precursor ion size …