The widely used electroencephalogram-based indices for depth-of-anesthesia monitoring
assume that the same index value defines the same level of unconsciousness for all …

When we are anesthetized, we expect consciousness to vanish. But does it always?
Although anesthesia undoubtedly induces unresponsiveness and amnesia, the extent to …

Unconsciousness is a fundamental component of general anesthesia (GA), but
anesthesiologists have no reliable ways to be certain that a patient is unconscious. To …

Background Remimazolam is a new rapid offset benzodiazepine used for procedural
sedation and general anaesthesia. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of iv bolus …

Reliable electroencephalography (EEG) signatures of transitions between consciousness
and unconsciousness under anaesthesia have not yet been identified. Herein we examined …

By employing transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in combination with high-density
electroencephalography (EEG), we recently reported that cortical effective connectivity is …

Depth of anaesthesia monitors might help to individualize anaesthesia by permitting
accurate drug administration against the measured state of arousal of the patient. In …

Accurately measuring the neural correlates of consciousness is a grand challenge for
neuroscience. Despite theoretical advances, developing reliable brain measures to track the …

Background. Power spectral analysis is a well-established method for the analysis of EEG
signals. Spectral parameters can be used to quantify pharmacological effects of …

Background The bispectral index parameter is used to guide the titration of general
anesthesia; however, many studies have shown conflicting results regarding the benefits of …