Bone turnover markers (BTMs) are used widely, in both research and clinical practice. In the
last 20 years, much experience has been gained in measurement and interpretation of these …

The key players of the chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD) are
calcium, phosphate, PTH, FGF23, and the vitamin D hormonal system. The progressive …

Description: The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2017 Clinical
Practice Guideline Update for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of …

Abstract The National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative
(KDOQI) has provided evidence-based guidelines for nutrition in kidney diseases since …

In this narrative review, the biological/biochemical impact (toxicity) of a large array of known
individual uremic retention solutes and groups of solutes is summarized. We classified these …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with the development of mineral bone disorder
(MBD), osteoporosis, and fragility fractures. Among CKD patients, adynamic bone disease or …

Secondary hyperparathyroidism develops in CKD due to a combination of vitamin D
deficiency, hypocalcemia, and hyperphosphatemia, and it exists in nearly all patients at the …

Background Disorders of mineral metabolism, including secondary hyperparathyroidism, are
thought to contribute to extraskeletal (including vascular) calcification among patients with …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complex and multifactorial disease, and one of the most
prevalent worldwide. Chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorders (CKD–MBD) with …

Results Median parathyroid hormone increased from phase 1 to phase 4 in all regions
except for Japan, where it remained stable. Prescriptions of intravenous vitamin D analogs …