Tobacco use, especially cigarette smoking, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity
and mortality and is the leading preventable cause of death worldwide. Comprehensive …

Cardiovascular safety is an important consideration in the debate on the benefits versus the
risks of electronic cigarette (EC) use. EC emissions that might have adverse effects on …

Abstract Aim The “2023 AHA/ACC/ACCP/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline for the Management
of Patients With Chronic Coronary Disease” provides an update to and consolidates new …

2.3. 9. Wnioski................................................ 838 2.4. Inne markery ryzyka.......................................
. 840 2.4. 1. Wywiad rodzinny/(epi) genetyka............ 840 2.4. 1.1. Wywiad …

The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published
for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC …

There is a marked increase in the development and use of electronic nicotine delivery
systems or electronic cigarettes (ECIGs). This statement covers electronic cigarettes …

Electronic (e-) cigarettes have emerged in recent years as putative alternative to
conventional tobacco cigarettes. These products do not contain typical carcinogens that are …

Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as a result of inhaled tobacco products continues to
be a global healthcare crisis, particularly in low-and middle-income nations lacking the …

Abstract The Rotterdam Study is a prospective cohort study ongoing since 1990 in the city of
Rotterdam in The Netherlands. The study targets cardiovascular, endocrine, hepatic …

The use of electronic cigarettes has increased exponentially since its introduction onto the
global market in 2006. However, short-and long-term health effects remain largely unknown …