Breath-hold diving is an activity that humans have engaged in since antiquity to forage for
resources, provide sustenance and to support military campaigns. In modern times, breath …

Breath-hold diving involves environmental challenges, such as water immersion, hydrostatic
pressure, and asphyxia, that put the respiratory system under stress. While training and …

Breath‐hold diving is practiced by recreational divers, seafood divers, military divers, and
competitive athletes. It involves highly integrated physiology and extreme responses. This …

Pulmonary physiology is significantly altered during underwater exposure, as immersion of
the body and increased ambient pressure elicit profound effects on both the cardiovascular …

The trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) has been described in the literature as a reflexive
response of bradycardia, hypotension, and gastric hypermotility seen upon predominantly …

Freediving is a sport in which athletes aim to achieve the longest or the deepest breath-hold
dive. Divers are at risk of gradually increasing hypoxia and hypercapnia due to a long time …

Although the role of underwater phases is well-known, no study has taken an interest in
describing and quantifying the distance and time spent in apnea as a condition for optimal …

Skilled activity is a complex mix of automatized action, changed attention patterns, cognitive
strategies and physiological adaptations developed within a community of practice. Drawing …

Bradycardia occurs during the intubation of some critically ill children as a result of vagal
stimulation due to hypoxia and/or laryngeal stimulation; such 'stable'bradycardia is …

Human underwater breath-hold diving is a fascinating example of applied environmental
physiology. In combination with swimming, it is one of the most popular forms of summer …