Abstract Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have demonstrated remarkable
performance across various tasks and have garnered significant attention from both …

In light of the widespread adoption of technology-enhanced learning and assessment
platforms, there is a growing demand for innovative, high-quality, and diverse assessment …

Background Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are one of the most used assessment
formats. However, creating MCQs is a challenging task, particularly when formulating the …

The process of generating challenging and appropriate distractors for multiple-choice
questions is a complex and time-consuming task. Existing methods for an automated …

We propose a novel approach to automatically generate distractors for cloze exercises for
English language learners, using round-trip neural machine translation. A carrier sentence …

This study addresses the automatic generation of distractors for English fill-in-the-blank
exercises in the entrance examinations for Japanese universities. While previous studies …

There are heavy demands for large and continuous supplies of new items in language
testing. Automated item generation (AIG), in which computerized algorithms are used to …

Recent advances in natural language processing have increased interest in automatic
question generation, particularly in education (eg, math, biology, law, medicine, and …

The distractor generation task focuses on generating incorrect but plausible options for
objective questions such as fill-in-the-blank and multiple-choice questions. This task is …

Cloze tests play an essential role in language assessment and help language learners
improve their skills. In this paper, we propose a novel task called Cloze Quality Estimation …