Despite improved understanding of the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory disorders of the
brain and development of new diagnostic markers, our biomarker repertoire to demonstrate …

The knowledge of immune dysregulation and autoimmunity in neurological disorders has
expanded considerably in recent times. Recognition of clinical syndromes, reliable methods …

Background Down syndrome regression disorder is a symptom cluster consisting of
neuropsychiatric regression without cause. This study evaluated the incidence of …

Background Despite the discovery of CSF and serum diagnostic autoantibodies in
autoimmune encephalitis, there are still very limited CSF biomarkers for diagnostic and …

Encephalitis is a complex neurological syndrome caused by inflammation of the brain
parenchyma. The management of encephalitis is challenging because: the differential …

There is emerging interest in autoimmune epilepsy, which represents a small but potentially
treatable form of epilepsy. Most insights into autoimmune epilepsy derive from the recent …

Elucidating pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the spectrum of pediatric-onset CNS
demyelinating diseases, particularly those that may distinguish multiple sclerosis (MS) from …

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis is an essential part of the diagnostic workup in various
neurological disorders. Evidence of an intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis, as …

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a common yet clinically heterogenous
syndrome characterized by encephalopathy, focal neurologic findings, and abnormal …

Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a severe inflammatory disease of the brain. Patients with
AE demonstrate amnesia, seizures, and psychosis. Recent studies have identified …