Starting from the late seventies, the progressively increased availability of synchrotron light
sources allowed the execution of experiments requiring a high X-ray flux in a continuous …

In the last two decades, after the first light from the new Free Electron Lasers, either in the
UV (FLASH [1] and FERMI@ Elettra [2]) or X-ray (LCLS [3] and SACLA [4]), more and more …

The European XFEL delivers up to 27000 intense (> 1012 photons) pulses per second, of
ultrashort (≤ 50 fs) and transversely coherent X-ray radiation, at a maximum repetition rate …

We show that a free-electron laser oscillator generating x rays with wavelengths of about 1 Å
is feasible using ultralow emittance electron beams of a multi-GeV energy-recovery linac …

At synchrotron radiation sources, parabolic refractive x‐ray lenses allow one to built both full
field and scanning microscopes in the hard x‐ray range. The latter microscope can be …

The cavity-based X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) has promise in producing fully coherent
pulses with a bandwidth of a few meV and very stable intensity, whereas the currently …

Exploring vacuum birefringence with the station of extreme light at Shanghai Coherent Light
Facility is considered. Laser pulses of intensity beyond 10 23 W cm− 2 are capable of …

Damage from corrosion costs billions of dollars per year. Controlling corrosion requires a
fundamental, in-depth understanding of the mechanisms and phenomena involved, and this …

This review discusses recent progress in the development of hard X-ray microscopy
techniques for materials characterization at the nanoscale. Although the utility of traditionally …

The emergence of hard X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) enables new insights into many
fields of science. These new sources provide short, highly intense and coherent X-ray …