Nanomaterial (NM) delivery to solid tumors has been the focus of intense research for over a
decade. Classically, scientists have tried to improve NM delivery by employing passive or …

Unique, functional, homodimeric heavy chain–only antibodies, devoid of light chains, are
circulating in the blood of Camelidae. These antibodies recognize their cognate antigen via …

Heptamethine indocyanines are invaluable probes for near-infrared (NIR) imaging. Despite
broad use, there are only a few synthetic methods to assemble these molecules, and each …

Monoclonal antibodies have revolutionized cancer therapy. However, delivery to tumor cells
in vivo is hampered by the large size (150 kDa) of conventional antibodies. The minimal …

Highlights•Nanobodies (Nbs) are camelid-derived single-domain antibodies.•Nbs have
powerful binding and inhibitory capacity with great therapeutic potential.•Nbs are used in …

Nanobodies (Nbs) have arisen as an alternative to conventional antibodies (Abs) and show
great potential when used as tools in different biotechnology fields such as diagnostics and …

Cancer has become a major public health problem worldwide. Researches focus on the
new approaches for cancer treatments that involve the specific targets of the cancer disease …

The unique class of heavy chain–only antibodies, present in Camelidae, can be shrunk to
just the variable region of the heavy chain to yield VHHs, also called nanobodies. About one …

The development of tumor-targeted therapies using monoclonal antibodies has been
successful during the last 30 years. Nevertheless, the efficacy of antibody-based therapy is …

Antibodies are important tools for experimental research and medical applications. Most
antibodies are composed of two heavy and two light chains. Both chains contribute to the …