Until recently it was believed that no more than 1% of the general population has bipolar
disorder. Emerging transatlantic data are beginning to provide converging evidence for a …

We review the history of bipolar disorders from the classical Greek period to DSM-IV.
Perhaps the first person who described mania and melancholia as two different …

The concept of spectrum originally was used in physics to indicate an apparent qualitative
distinction arising from a quantitative continuum (ie, a series of colors formed when a beam …

Objective: Understanding of mood disorders can be enhanced through assessment of
temperamental traits. We explored temperamental commonalities and differences among …

This randomized pilot study investigated the effects of meditation with yoga (and
psychoeducation) versus group therapy with hypnosis (and psychoeducation) versus …

Kraepelin had a modern vision of affective illness. He hypothesized that affective
recurrences arose from enduring dispositions of depressive, cyclothymic, irritable, or …

After relative neglect in the age of melancholy during the 1970s and 1980s, there has been
a renaissance of bipolar disorder during the last decade of the 20thcentury. The new bipolar …

Objective: Bipolar affective disorder and borderline personality disorder have long been
considered to have significant similarities and comorbidity. This review endeavours to clarify …

Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically examine ancient Roman and Greek
texts to identify descriptions of schizophrenia and related disorders. Method: Material from …

Background: The modern concept of affective disorders focuses increasingly on the study of
subthreshold conditions on the border of manic or depressive episodes. Indeed, a spectrum …