Individuals store energy to balance deficits in natural cycles; however, unnatural events can
also lead to unbalanced energy budgets. Entanglement in fishing gear is one example of an …

The high variability in reproductive performance of North Atlantic right whales Eubalaena
glacialis compared to southern right whales Eubalaena australis may reflect differences in …

Mammalian reproduction is metabolically regulated; therefore, the endangered status and
high variability in reproduction of North Atlantic right whales Eubalaena glacialis necessitate …

Seasonal trends in energy storage of the minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), a
capital breeder, were investigated in Iceland, a North Atlantic feeding ground. The aim was …

An animal's body condition provides valuable information for ecophysiological studies, and
is an important measure of fitness in population monitoring and conservation. While both the …

Protracted entanglement in fishing gear often leads to emaciation through reduced mobility
and foraging ability, and energy budget depletion from the added drag of towing gear for …

Blubber, the specialized hypodermis of cetaceans, provides thermal insulation through the
quantity and quality of lipids it contains. Quality refers to percent lipid content; however, not …

Constraints on locomotion could be an important component of the cost of reproduction as
carrying an increased load associated with eggs or developing fetuses may contribute to …

Marine mammal body composition has been an important tool that is used as a proxy for the
health and condition of individuals within a population. Common bottlenose dolphin …

The question of how cetaceans, pinnipeds, and other marine mammal groups exercise while
holding their breath has been debated by scientists for many decades (Castellini et al. 1985; …