Executive summary The multiple and overlapping crises faced by countries, regions, and the
world appear unprecedented in their magnitude and complexity. Protracted conflicts …

In this article, we survey the theoretical literature investigating the role of gender inequality in
economic development. The vast majority of theories reviewed argue that gender inequality …

We discuss and review literature on the macroeconomic effects of epidemics and pandemics
since the late twentieth century. First, we cover the role of health in driving economic growth …

Economists use micro-based and macro-based approaches to assess the macroeconomic
return to population health. The macro-based approach tends to yield estimates that are …

Despite substantial progress, gender gaps persist in many developing countries. Since the
1990s, a literature has emerged arguing that these gaps not only are inequitable but also …

We assess Africa's prospects for enjoying a demographic dividend. While fertility rates and
dependency ratios in Africa remain high, they have started to decline. According to UN …

This paper analyzes a randomized controlled trial of a personalized digital counseling
intervention addressing informational constraints and choice architecture, cross-randomized …

Background Globally, the status of women's health falls short of its potential. In addition to
the deleterious ethical and human rights implications of this deficit, the negative economic …

The positive cross-country correlation between health and economic growth is well-
established, but the underlying mechanisms are complex and difficult to discern. Three …

Abstract Research Summary Extant research offers conflicting views about the size and
nature of gender‐related disparities in venture financing and venture performance. We …