The simple definition of tone as the resistance to passive stretch is physiologically a complex
interlaced network encompassing neural circuits in the brain, spinal cord, and muscle …

Spasticity is a term, which was introduced to describe the velocity‐sensitive increased
resistance of a limb to manipulation in subjects with lesions of descending motor pathways …

The definitive work on occupational therapy for physical dysfunction returns in its Sixth
Edition, with reputable co-editors and clinical, academic, and consumer contributors. This …

Study design: Review of the literature on the validity and reliability of assessment of
spasticity and spasms. Objectives: Evaluate the most frequently used methods for …

Spasticity is considered an important neural contributor to muscle hypertonia in children with
cerebral palsy (CP). It is most often treated with antispasticity medication, such as Botulinum …

Background: The measurement of spasticity as a symptom of neurologic disease is an area
of growing interest. Clinician-rated measures of spasticity purport to be objective but do not …

Background: Future development in neurorehabilitation depends upon bringing together the
endeavors of basic science and clinical practice. The Bobath concept is widely utilized in …

Objective: To explore, following a literature review, whether there is a consistent definition
and a unified assessment framework for the termspasticity'. The congruence between the …

The measurement of spasticity is part of the neurological examination of patients with
disorders of the central nervous system. Recently, the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale …

Purpose: To characterise clinical assessment methods for spasticity and/or its functional
consequences in clinical patient populations at risk to suffer from spasticity. Method …