The neural crest (NC) is a transient, multipotent and migratory cell population that generates
an astonishingly diverse array of cell types during vertebrate development. These cells …

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is derived from both the vagal and sacral component of
the neural crest (NC). Here, we present the derivation of sacral ENS precursors from human …

The neural crest (NC), discovered by Wilhelm His 150 years ago, gives rise to a multipotent
migratory embryonic cell population that generates a remarkably diverse and important …

Background and Aims The enteric nervous system, which regulates many gastrointestinal
functions, is derived from neural crest cells (NCCs). Defective NCC migration during …

Mutations in leucine-rich-repeats and immunoglobulin-like-domains 2 (LRIG2) or in
heparanase 2 (HPSE2) cause urofacial syndrome, a devastating autosomal recessive …

Testes and ovaries undergo sex-specific morphogenetic changes and adopt strikingly
different morphologies, despite the fact that both arise from a common precursor, the …

Selective sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways that act on target organs represent the
terminal actors in the neurobiology of homeostasis and often become compromised during a …

The primary function of the urinary bladder is to store urine (continence) until a suitable time
for voiding (micturition). These distinct processes are determined by the coordinated …

The autonomic nervous system derives from the neural crest (NC) and supplies motor
innervation to the smooth muscle of visceral organs, including the lower urinary tract (LUT) …

The autonomic and sensory nervous systems are required for proper function of all visceral
organs, including the lower urinary tract (LUT). Despite the wide prevalence of bladder …