The programmed cell death (PCD) of developing cells is considered an essential adaptive
process that evolved to serve diverse roles. We review the putative adaptive functions of …

Aquatic invertebrates play a pivotal role in (eco) toxicological assessments because they
offer ethical, cost‐effective and repeatable testing options. Additionally, their significance in …

Left-right asymmetries in brains are usually minor or cryptic. We report brain asymmetries in
the tiny, dorsal tubular nervous system of the ascidian tadpole larva, Ciona intestinalis …

The ascidian chordate Ciona intestinalis is an established model organism frequently
exploited to examine cellular development and a rapidly emerging model organism with a …

Ascidians and vertebrates belong to the Phylum Chordata and both have dorsal tubular
central nervous systems. The structure of the ascidian neural tube is extremely simple …

INTRODUCTION Within each animal species, embryonic development is highly
reproducible, ensuring the faithful production of a complex organism with precisely arranged …

The hypothalamus coordinates neuroendocrine functions in vertebrates. To explore its
evolutionary origin, we describe integrated transcriptome/connectome brain maps for …

A set of 3423 expressed sequence tags derived from the Ciona intestinalis tailbud embryos
was categorized into 1213 independent clusters. When compared with DNA Data Bank of …

The notochord and dorsal ectoderm induce dorsoventral compartmentalization of the
vertebrate neural tube through the differential regulation of genes such as HNF-3 β, Pax3 …

The sensory vesicle of ascidians is thought to be homologous to the vertebrate forebrain and
midbrain (Development 125 (1998) 1113). Here we report the isolation of two sensory …