Ticks are currently considered to be second only to mosquitoes as vectors of human
infectious diseases in the world. Each tick species has preferred environmental conditions …

Beside mosquitoes, ticks are well-known vectors of different human pathogens. In the
Northern Hemisphere, Lyme borreliosis (Eurasia, LB) or Lyme disease (North America, LD) …

The twin concepts of zooprophylaxis and the dilution effect originated with vector-borne
diseases (malaria), were driven forward by studies on Lyme borreliosis and have now …

Over recent years, a multitude of pathogens have been reported to be tick-borne. Given this,
it is unsurprising that these might co-exist within the same tick, however our understanding …

Since the discovery of the Lyme disease spirochete in North America in 1982 and in Europe
in 1983, a plethora of studies on this unique group of spirochetes that comprise Borrelia …

Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the spirochete that causes human Lyme borreliosis (LB), is a
genetically and phenotypically divergent species. In the past several years, various …

Rodents play a significant role in enzootic cycles of tick-borne pathogens, notably, in the
northern hemisphere, tick-borne encephalitis virus and Lyme borreliosis spirochaetes. The …

Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne disease in temperate regions of North
America, Europe and Asia, and the number of reported cases has increased in many …

The genetic polymorphism of Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia afzelii, two species that cause
Lyme borreliosis, was estimated by sequence typing of four loci: the rrs–rrlA intergenic …

This publication reviews the impacts of climate change on Lyme borreliosis in Europe.
Although it is treatable with antibiotics, it is the most common vector-borne disease in the …