The present review draws together wide-ranging studies performed over the last decades
that catalogue the effects of artificial-light-at-night (ALAN) upon living species and their …

Background Skin is the organ most extensively exposed to light of a broad range of
wavelengths. Several studies have reported that skin expresses photoreceptive molecules …

Bioluminescence—ie, the emission of visible light by living organisms—is defined as a
biochemical reaction involving, at least, a luciferin substrate, an oxygen derivative, and a …

Light provides a widely abundant energy source and valuable sensory cue in nature. Most
animals exposed to light have photoreceptor cells and in addition to eyes, there are many …

Light is a strong stimulus for the sensory and endocrine systems. The opsins constitute a
large family of proteins that can respond to specific light wavelengths. Hippocampus reidi is …

This review presents a synthesis of shark bioluminescence knowledge. Up to date,
bioluminescent sharks are found only in Squaliformes, and specifically in Etmopteridae …

Musk secreted by Chinese forest musk deer (FMD; Moschus berezovskii) is a highly
valuable ingredient in the fields of perfumery and medicine, and the main factor affecting the …

The visual sense of elasmobranch fishes is poorly studied compared to their bony cousins,
the teleosts. Nevertheless, the elasmobranch eye features numerous specialisations that …

In order to improve our understanding of melatonin signaling, we have reviewed and revised
the evolutionary history of melatonin receptor genes (mtnr) in vertebrates. All gnathostome …

The velvet belly lanternshark, Etmopterus spinax, uses counterillumination to disappear in
the surrounding blue light of its marine environment. This shark displays hormonally …