Bone-tissue defects affect millions of people worldwide. Despite being common treatment
approaches, autologous and allogeneic bone grafting have not achieved the ideal …

Ossification is a tightly regulated process, performed by specialized cells called osteoblasts.
Dysregulation of this process may cause inadequate or excessive mineralization of bones or …

This review summarises current understanding of how bone is sculpted through adaptive
processes, designed to meet the mechanical challenges it faces in everyday life and athletic …

Optimization of porous titanium alloy scaffolds designed for orthopedic implants requires
balancing mechanical properties and osseointegrative performance. The tradeoff between …

In mammals, the microbiota can be transmitted from the placenta, uterus, and vagina of the
mother to the infant. Unlike mammals, development of the avian embryo is a process …

A systematic characterisation of bone tissue scaffolds fabricated via 3D printing from
hydroxyapatite (HA) and poly (vinyl) alcohol (PVOH) composite powders is presented …

Bone tissue engineering is an exciting approach to directly repair bone defects or engineer
bone tissue for transplantation. Biomaterials play a pivotal role in providing a template and …

In polymer chemistry, mechanical energy degrades polymeric chains. In contrast, in nature,
mechanical energy is often used to create new polymers. This mechanically stimulated …

The skeleton provides mechanical support for stature and locomotion, protects vital organs,
and controls mineral homeostasis. A healthy skeleton must be maintained by constant bone …

Tissue engineering is a promising strategy for the repair and regeneration of damaged
tissues or organs. Biomaterials are one of the most important components in tissue …