Placebo effects are beneficial effects that are attributable to the brain–mind responses to the
context in which a treatment is delivered rather than to the specific actions of the drug. They …

Modern medicine has progressed in parallel with the advancement of biochemistry,
anatomy, and physiology. By using the tools of modern medicine, the physician today can …

This Perspective reviews recent findings in placebo hypoalgesia and provides a conceptual
account of how expectations and experience can lead to placebo hypoalgesia. In particular …

The book you are about to read is about research that asks questions like" How do our
senses operate?"" What is the connection between nervous system activity and perception?" …

For many years, placebos have been defined by their inert content and their use as controls
in clinical trials and treatments in clinical practice. Recent research shows that placebo …

Background Meta-analyses of antidepressant medications have reported only modest
benefits over placebo treatment, and when unpublished trial data are included, the benefit …

The experience of pain arises from both physiological and psychological factors, including
one's beliefs and expectations. Thus, placebo treatments that have no intrinsic …

Our understanding and conceptualization of the placebo effect has shifted in emphasis from
a focus on the inert content of a physical placebo agent to the overall simulation of a …

It has been suggested that placebo analgesia involves both higher order cognitive networks
and endogenous opioid systems. The rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) and the …

The perception of pain is subject to powerful influences. Understanding how these are
mediated at a neuroanatomical and neurobiological level provides us with valuable …