Objectives The prevalence and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune
diseases who are frequently treated with disease modifying therapies remains poorly …

Evidence is accumulating on the interaction between tuberculosis (TB) and COVID-19. The
aim of the present review is to report the available evidence on the interaction between …

Recent advances in the pathophysiologic understanding of coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) suggests that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) has an association with the …

Since its discovery in 1975, TNFα has been a subject of intense study as it plays significant
roles in both immunity and cancer. Such attention is well deserved as TNFα is unique in its …

Although initially described as an anti-tumor mediator, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) is
generally considered as the master pro-inflammatory cytokine. It plays a crucial role in the …

Though recent reports link SARS-CoV-2 infections with hyper-inflammatory states in
children, most children experience no/mild symptoms, and hospitalization and mortality rates …

Background The present review is part of the ESCMID Study Group for Infections in
Compromised Hosts (ESGICH) Consensus Document on the safety of targeted and …

Background The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has grown incessantly since they
were first approved in 2014. These monoclonal antibodies inhibit T cell activation, yielding a …

Background: Adalimumab, golimumab, infliximab, certolizumab, and etanercept are five anti-
tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) medicines that have been approved for use in …

Simple Summary Inflammation has been acknowledged as one of the causes of increased
cancer risk. Among the pro-inflammatory mediators, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) has …