Pain is ultimately a perceptual phenomenon. It is built from information gathered by
specialized pain receptors in tissue, modified by spinal and supraspinal mechanisms, and …

For decades, basic research on the underlying mechanisms of nociception has held promise
to translate into efficacious treatments for patients with pain. Despite great improvement in …

Neuropathic pain affects millions of people worldwide, causing substantial disability and
greatly impairing quality of life. Commonly used analgesics or antihyperalgesic compounds …

This report characterizes the neurobiology of the ocular surface and highlights relevant
mechanisms that may underpin contact lens–related discomfort. While there is limited …

Background Opioids have long been regarded as the most effective drugs for the treatment
of severe acute and chronic pain. Unfortunately, their therapeutic efficacy and clinical utility …

Topical analgesics may play an important role in the management of chronic pain and have
good tolerability. Systemic ketamine has limited usage as an anesthetic and along with its …

Abstract Glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) plays a crucial role in regulating extracellular glycine
concentrations and might thereby constitute a new drug target for the modulation of …

Opioid use for chronic pain is limited by severe central adverse effects. We examined
whether activating mu-opioid receptors (MORs) in the peripheral nervous system attenuates …

Interventions: The interdisciplinary team formally coordinated rehabilitative care from
multiple disciplines. Internal medicine managed medications, determined PEG removal …

Although tianeptine, an atypical antidepressant has been reported to have antinociceptive
effects, the mode of action is different from that of tricyclic antidepressants despite structural …