This paper discusses and compares existing form finding methods for discrete networks.
Well-known methods such as the force density method, dynamic relaxation, updated …

This study presents a systematic review and summary of performative computational
architecture using swarm and evolutionary optimisation. The taxonomy for one hundred …

With an emphasis on real-world problems, this book reviews the basics of optimization of
frame structures such as trusses, building frames, and long-span trusses. It introduces …

Free form shells optimized for stiffness under given loading and membrane structures act in
a pure membrane state of stresses, either because bending is minimized or not even …

Starting from a rigorous mechanical formulation, a numerical procedure is developed for the
form finding of minimal surfaces and pre-stressed membrane structures. The method is …

The availability of computers has, in real terms, moved forward the practice of structural
engineering. Where it was once enough to have any analysis given a complex configuration …

Form-finding for membrane tension structures is a delicate operation which must ensure
both the absence of compressive areas and interactive control of the forms generated. Until …

Membrane structures are increasingly in demand due to their lightweight properties and
expressive architectural shapes. However, there does not yet exist a unified design …

This paper describes a nonlinear finite element procedure for form finding and load analysis
of tension structures. Three methods are presented for form finding of the initial equilibrium …

Subject of this contribution is form finding of “optimal” structural shapes with regard to the
load carrying behaviour of surface structures under certain load cases. In general, those …