The ever-increasing demands for clean and sustainable energy sources combined with
rapid advances in biointegrated portable or implantable electronic devices have stimulated …

Laccases are multicopper containing enzymes capable of performing one electron oxidation
of a broad range of substrates. Using molecular oxygen as the final electron acceptor, they …

Catalytic four-electron reduction of O2 to water is one of the most extensively studied
electrochemical reactions due to O2 exceptional availability and high O2/H2O redox …

Self-powered electrochemical biosensors utilize biofuel cells as a simultaneous power
source and biosensor, which simplifies the biosensor system, because it no longer requires …

Highlights•The three major electron transfer routes are reviewed: 1st, 2nd (mediated
electron transfer) and 3rd generation biosensors (direct electron transfer).•Enzymatic …

Laccases are multicopper oxidoreductases considered by many in the biotechonology field
as the ultimate “green catalysts”. This is mainly due to their broad substrate specificity and …

In this review paper, the authors have presented a brief conceptual summary of the
applications of biofuel cell in general and enzymatic one in special with a short historical …

A self-driven sensor that can detect urine and urine sugar and can be mounted on diapers is
desirable to reduce the burden of long-term care. In this study, we created a paper-based …

The excellent electrical conductivity and ease of functionalization make graphene a
promising material for use in enzymatic bioelectrodes and biofuel cells. Enzyme based …

Highlights•Redox polymers are used for the immobilization and electrical wiring of
enzymes.•Rational design of redox polymers is important for the fabrication of efficient …