Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease
(CD). IBD etiopathology is multifactorial and involves alteration of immune cells and chronic …

Cytokine production by B cells is important for multiple aspects of immunity. B cell-derived
cytokines, including lymphotoxin, are essential for the ontogenesis, homeostasis and …

B cells are regarded for their capacity to produce antibody. However, recent advances in B
cell biology have capitalized on old findings and demonstrated that B cells also release a …

Targeted manipulation of the gut flora is increasingly being recognized as a means to
improve human health. Yet, the temporal dynamics and intra-and interindividual …

Over the last decade it has become evident that in addition to producing antibody, B cells
activate the immune system by producing cytokines and via antigen presentation. In …

Pulmonary metastasis of breast cancer requires recruitment and expansion of T-regulatory
cells (Treg) that promote escape from host protective immune cells. However, it remains …

Immune tolerance to both self-antigens and innocuous non–self-antigens is essential to
protect the host against chronic inflammatory diseases and tissue damage. A wide range of …

B cells are commonly thought to enhance inflammatory immune responses. However,
specific regulatory B cell subsets recently were identified that downregulate adaptive and …

The specific pathogenesis underlying inflammatory bowel disease is complex, and it is even
more difficult to decipher the pathophysiology to explain for the similarities and differences …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal inflammatory condition that is
medicated by genetic, immune, and environmental factors. At least 66 different kinds of …