Escherichia coli was described in 1885 by a German pediatrician, Theodor Escherich, in the
faeces of a child suffering diarrhoea. In 1893, a Danish veterinarian postulated that the E …

Shiga toxins are virulence factors produced by the bacteria Shigella dysenteriae and certain
strains of Escherichia coli. There is currently no available treatment for disease caused by …

Shiga toxins (Stx) represent a group of bacterial toxins that are involved in human and
animal disease. Stx are mainly produced by Escherichia coli isolated from human and non …

The challenges for successful launching of a profitable phage therapeutic product include
intellectual property rights, safety issues, reproducibility, stability and robustness of the …

Bacteriophages can package part of their host's genetic material, including antibiotic
resistance genes (ARGs), contributing to a rapid dissemination of resistances among …

Escherichia coli serogroup O26 consists of enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and atypical
enteropathogenic E. coli (aEPEC). The former produces Shiga toxins (Stx), major …

Verocytotoxigenic (shigatoxigenic) and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli, VTEC (STEC)
and EHEC, produce a toxin active on Vero cells in vitro. VTEC and EHEC have been …

The experimentally amenable nature of phage and their use in testing fundamental
biological questions have meant that phage research has had a profound effect on modern …

Temperate bacteriophages have always been central to the evolution of bacteria, although
their importance has been consistently underestimated compared to transformation and …

Summary Shiga toxin (Stx)[Verotoxin (VT)]‐producing Escherichia coli (STEC), also called
enterohaemorrhagic E. coli or VTEC are emerging zoonotic agents and became most …