2018 marks the 100-year anniversary of the 1918 influenza pandemic, which killed~ 50
million people worldwide. The severity of this pandemic resulted from a complex interplay …

Humans are highly susceptible to infection with respiratory viruses including respiratory
syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus, human metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, coronavirus, and …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection of vaccinated
individuals is increasingly common but rarely results in severe disease, likely due to the …

To the Editor—We report the kinetics of immune responses in relation to clinical and
virological features of a patient with mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) …

Abstract COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has recently affected over 1,200,000 people
and killed more than 60,000. The key immune cell subsets change and their states during …

Abstract COVID-19 is associated with 5.1% mortality. Although the virological,
epidemiological, clinical, and management outcome features of COVID-19 patients have …

Several studies show that the immunosuppressive drugs targeting the interleukin-6 (IL-6)
receptor, including tocilizumab, ameliorate lethal inflammatory responses in COVID-19 …

An improved understanding of human T cell-mediated immunity in COVID-19 is important for
optimizing therapeutic and vaccine strategies. Experience with influenza shows that …

Excessive inflammatory responses contribute to the pathogenesis and lethality of highly
pathogenic human coronaviruses, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this …

COVID‐19 is characterized by dysregulated immune responses, metabolic dysfunction and
adverse effects on the function of multiple organs. To understand host responses to COVID …