Tortuous arteries and veins are commonly observed in humans and animals. While mild
tortuosity is asymptomatic, severe tortuosity can lead to ischemic attack in distal organs …

Abstract Purpose of Review Recent data identifies increases in young ischemic and
hemorrhagic strokes. We provide a contemporary overview of current literature on stroke …

Background and purpose Along with intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD), moyamoya
disease (MMD) is the most common cause of middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in …

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is caused by a mutation in both beta globin genes, resulting in
chronic hemolysis and multiorgan disease that ultimately leads to premature death …

Moyamoya angiopathy (MMA) is a peculiar cerebrovascular condition characterized by
progressive steno-occlusion of the terminal part of the internal carotid arteries (ICAs) and …

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is an infrequent disease of cerebral vasculature characterized by
long-standing and progressive occlusion of large intracranial arteries. It is seen …

Object Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder involving stenosis of
the major vessels of the circle of Willis and proximal portions of its principal branches …

BACKGROUND: In Asian populations, moyamoya disease has a well-defined phenotype
including a bimodal age of presentation with children typically presenting with ischemic …

Background Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disease characterized by
progressive stenosis or occlusion of the terminal portion of internal carotid arteries and the …

Background Indirect bypass surgery is used to improve the hemodynamic status of pediatric
patients with moyamoya disease (MMD). Symptomatic cerebral infarction during the early …