Phenylpropanoid metabolism is one of the most important metabolisms in plants, yielding
more than 8,000 metabolites contributing to plant development and plant–environment …

All living organisms rely on nutrients to sustain cell metabolism and energy production,
which in turn need to be adjusted based on available resources. The evolutionarily …

Grain size is an important component trait of grain yield, which is frequently threatened by
abiotic stress. However, little is known about how grain yield and abiotic stress tolerance are …

Target of rapamycin (TOR) is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase that plays a central
role in both plants and animals, despite their distinct developmental programs and survival …

Inappropriate application of pesticides not only causes sub-lethal effects on ecosystem
service providers but also reduces crop yield and quality. As a xenobiotic signal molecule …

Highlights•Sugars serve as nutrients and as regulatory signals.•SnRK1 and TOR control
metabolism and growth oppositely in response to sugars.•Manipulation of SnRK1 and TOR …

The evolutionarily conserved protein kinase complexes SnRK1 and TOR are central
metabolic regulators essential for plant growth, development, and stress responses. They …

The multidomain target of rapamycin (TOR) is an atypical serine/threonine protein kinase
resembling phosphatidylinositol lipid kinases, but retains high sequence identity and serves …

Plants are sessile photo-autotrophic organisms continuously exposed to a variety of
environmental stresses. Monitoring the sugar level and energy status is essential, since this …

A major feature of embryogenesis is the specification of stem cell systems, but in contrast to
the situation in most animals, plant stem cells remain quiescent until the postembryonic …