Tobacco use, especially cigarette smoking, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity
and mortality and is the leading preventable cause of death worldwide. Comprehensive …

This review gives an account of the cigarette as a highly efficient nicotine delivery system. It
explains how nicotine induces pleasure, reduces stress and anxiety, and causes addiction …

Background Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) aims to temporarily replace much of the
nicotine from cigarettes to reduce motivation to smoke and nicotine withdrawal symptoms …

Assessment in clinical psychology typically relies on global retrospective self-reports
collected at research or clinic visits, which are limited by recall bias and are not well suited to …

Background Changes in tobacco products, use patterns, and assessment technology in the
last 15 years led the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (SRNT) Treatment …

Background and rationale The reinstatement model is widely used to study relapse to drug
addiction. However, the model's validity is open to question. Objective We assess the …

Most psychological disorders and problem behaviors are characterized by very high rates of
postremittance relapse. Thus, advances in the long-term efficacy of psychological …

The multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) is a new methodological approach for
building, optimizing, and evaluating multicomponent interventions. Conceptually rooted in …

Context Little direct evidence exists on the relative efficacies of different smoking cessation
pharmacotherapies, yet such evidence is needed to make informed decisions about their …

Aims Clinical trials test the safety and efficacy of behavioral and pharmacological
interventions in drug‐dependent individuals. However, there is no consensus about the …