Narcolepsy with cataplexy is a disabling sleep disorder affecting 0· 02% of adults worldwide.
It is characterised by severe, irresistible daytime sleepiness and sudden loss of muscle tone …

Abstract Modafinil (2-[(Diphenylmethyl) sulfinyl] acetamide, Provigil) is an FDA-approved
medication with wake-promoting properties. Pre-clinical studies of modafinil suggest a …

Ventral midbrain dopamine (DA) is unambiguously involved in motivation and behavioral
arousal, yet the contributions of other DA populations to these processes are poorly …

Neuropsychological assessment shows great promise in the investigation of impulsivity and
its brain substrates. These results support a key role for response inhibition, a function linked …

Multiple arousal systems maintain waking through the actions of chemical neurotransmitters
that are released from broadly distributed nerve terminals when the neurons fire. Among …

Rationale. Modafinil, a novel wake-promoting agent, has been shown to have a similar
clinical profile to that of conventional stimulants such as methylphenidate. We were therefore …

Through a highly divergent efferent projection system, the locus coeruleus-noradrenergic
system supplies norepinephrine throughout the central nervous system. State-dependent …

Background: Arousal levels in the brain set thresholds for behavior, from simple to complex.
The mechanistic underpinnings of the various phenomena comprising arousal, however, are …

Numerous studies dissecting the basic mechanisms that control sleep regulation have led to
considerable improvement in our knowledge of sleep disorders. It is now well accepted that …

Background: Modafinil is a novel wakepromoting agent that has US Food and Drug
Administration approval for narcolepsy and shift work sleep disorder and as adjunctive …