Phosphate anions are one of the most important constituents of living systems. Together with
heterocyclic bases and sugars, phosphates make up DNA, the hereditary element of living …

The condensation reaction between p‐tert‐butylphenol and formaldehyde leads in a single
step to good yields of cyclic oligomers in which, depending on the reaction conditions, either …

According to one of Natures most fundamental laws, molecules may be differentiated by
having a positive, a negative, or no net charge at all. Although nothing may be known about …

The biochemistry of the para-sulfonato-calix [n] arenes has shown rapid development during
the past ten years, the highly diverse biomedical applications of these molecules now …

Abstract Discovered in the 1940's,[1 n] metacyclophanes with the common name calix [n]
arenes which is derived from for the molecule's shape enjoyed a remarkable interest in …

During the last 15 years, water soluble calixarenes and especially para-sulphonato-calix [n]
arene and amphiphilic calixarenes have been the subject of growing interest in the …

After the development of synthetic cation receptors in the late 1960s, only in the past decade
has work started on the development of synthetic neutral anion receptors. Combination and …

Anions play a number of fundamental roles in biological and chemical processes and the
development of selective synthetic anion receptors is an area of current importance. The use …

Calix [4] arenes are very useful building blocks for receptors of cations, 1 anions, 1 2 and
neutral molecules. 3 The introduction of bulky substituents at the lowerrim of the calix …

The synthesis and the spectroscopic studies of the amidourea based calix [4] arene sensors
1 and 2 are described. The 4-nitrophenyl based sensor 1 was synthesized in two steps from …