Surface roughness can significantly influence the fluid dynamics and heat transfer in
convective flows by inducing perturbations in the velocity profile which affect surface drag …

Quantitative knowledge of the surface energy balance is essential for the prediction of
weather and climate. However, a multitude of studies from around the world indicate that the …

Microplastics (MPs) pollution is one of the most important problems of the Earth. They have
been found in all the natural environments, including oceans and the atmosphere. In this …

Small urban water bodies, like ponds or canals, are often assumed to cool their
surroundings during hot periods, when water bodies remain cooler than air during daytime …

More and more evapotranspiration models, evapotranspiration crop coefficients and
associated measurements of evapotranspiration (ET) are being reported in the literature and …

Abstract This Manual of Practice (MOP) is a comprehensive reference to estimating the
water quantities needed for irrigation of crops based upon the physics of evaporation and …

Principles of Environmental Physics: Plants, Animals, and the Atmosphere, 4e, provides a
basis for understanding the complex physical interactions of plants and animals with their …

Eddy-covariance measurements are performed at several hundred sites all over the world
on a long-term basis. The gathered data are used to characterise ecosystem exchanges of …

Studying the microclimate of plant canopies has long motivated scientists in various
research fields such as agronomy, ecology or silviculture, and almost a century has passed …

This paper gives an overview of 20 years of research on the energy balance closure
problem. It will be shown that former assumptions that measuring errors or storage terms are …