Zoos and aquariums have an enormous global reach and hence an ability to craft
meaningful conservation action for threatened species, implement educational strategies to …

Zoos and aquariums have evolved significantly. From their origins as enclosures for the
mere entertainment of the public, these institutions have undertaken new functions …

Research into the conditions that promote good animal welfare is essential to equip zoos
and aquariums with the knowledge to create environments in which animals thrive. In order …

Simple Summary Habitat complexity is important for the maintenance of high levels of
welfare for captive animals, especially at zoos. Generally, individuals who experience …

Behavioural research in zoos is commonplace and is used in the diagnosis and treatment of
potential husbandry and management challenges. Robust methods that allow valid data …

Modern zoos and aquariums have evolved greatly since the end of the Second World War,
to become centres of conservation excellence and scientific institutions for the study of …

Simple Summary Studies investigating whether a captive environment is meeting the needs
of the species housed are relatively common among captive mammals. However, studies …

Animal welfare is a priority across accredited zoological institutions; however, historically,
research has been prioritized for mammals. Bird-focused studies accounted for less than …

The sound environment of a zoo animal is a complex milieu of animal and human‐
generated sounds; coming from the species itself, other species, visitors, keepers and other …

Ducks are commonly housed in captive environments where their abilities for flight are
constrained, either temporarily or permanently. The use of flight restraint in modern animal …