Cells evolve in a space of parameter values set by physical and chemical forces. These
constraints create associations among cellular properties. A particularly strong association is …

Genomes can vary significantly even within the same individual. The underlying
mechanisms are manifold, ranging from somatic mutation and recombination, development …

Protein abundance affects the evolution of protein genotypes, but we do not know how it
affects the evolution of protein phenotypes. Here we investigate the role of protein …

Most cellular functions are carried out by a dynamic network of interacting proteins. An open
question is whether the network properties of protein interactomes represent phenotypes …

The evolutionary speed of a protein sequence is constrained by its expression level, with
highly expressed proteins evolving relatively slowly. This negative correlation between …

Abstract Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya all share a common set of metabolic reactions. This
implies that the function and topology of central metabolism has been evolving under …

A general method to infer both positive and purifying selection during the real-time evolution
of hypermutator pathogens would be broadly useful. To this end, we introduce a Simple Test …

Eukaryotes are thought to have evolved from prokaryotes. Regarding the process, in 1967,
Lynn Margulis proposed the theory of intracellular symbiosis (1). And then, as if to refute it …