The extreme resistance of spores of members of the Bacillales and Clostridiales orders is
probably the property most closely associated with these spores. In the past, this extreme …

Endospores of Bacillus spp., especially Bacillus subtilis, have served as experimental
models for exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying the incredible longevity of …

Medical devices are an important and growing aspect of healthcare provision and are
increasing in complexity to meet established and emerging patient needs. Terminal …

The quest for bacterial survival is exemplified by spores formed by some Firmicutes
members. They turn up everywhere one looks, and their ubiquity reflects adaptations to the …

The structure and chemical composition of bacterial spores differ considerably from those of
vegetative cells. These differences largely account for the unique resistance properties of …

Unlike antibiotics, biocides are multi-targeted antimicrobial agents. Several of the damaging
effects reported to occur in the most widely studied organisms, bacteria, may also take place …

Spores of Bacillus subtilis with a mutation in spoVF cannot synthesize dipicolinic acid (DPA)
and are too unstable to be purified and studied in detail. However, the spores of a strain …

Spores of Bacillus subtilis possess a thick protein coat that consists of an electron-dense
outer coat layer and a lamellalike inner coat layer. The spore coat has been shown to confer …

Genome architecture has proven to be critical in determining gene regulation across almost
all domains of life. While many of the key components and mechanisms of eukaryotic …

Dipicolinic acid (DPA) comprises∼ 10% of the dry weight of spores of Bacillus species.
Although DPA has long been implicated in spore resistance to wet heat and spore stability …