Background West Nile Virus (WNV), a member of the genus Flavivirus, is one of the most
widely distributed arboviruses in the world. Despite some evidence for circulation of WNV in …

The United Nations (UN) projects that more than two-thirds of the global population will live
in urban centers by the year 2050, with much of that growth expected in rising megacities …

West Nile virus (WNV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and tick‐borne encephalitis virus
(TBEV) are flaviviruses responsible for severe neuroinvasive infections in humans and …

The present study was conducted to evaluate the diversity, distribution (C) and relative
abundance (RA) of the mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Malakand and Dir Lower …

The emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) in addition to the
autochthonous tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in Europe causes rising concern for …

Members of several different virus families cause equine viral encephalitis, the majority of
which are arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) with zoonotic potential. The clinical signs …

Background Dengue is a tropical disease caused by dengue virus (DENV). It is one of the
most significant arthropod-borne viral infection. Objectives The aim of the current study was …

Like most of the world, Pakistan has seen an increase in mosquito-transmitted diseases in
recent years. The magnitude and distribution of these diseases are poorly understood as …

Simple Summary Donkeys have been neglected and threatened by abandonment,
indiscriminate slaughter, and a lack of proper sanitary management. They are often treated …

Mosquito-borne diseases have a significant impact on humans and animals and this impact
is exacerbated by environmental changes. However, in Tunisia, surveillance of the West …