Sensory areas are spontaneously active in the absence of sensory stimuli. This
spontaneous activity has long been studied; however, its functional role remains largely …

Vision is the sense humans rely on most to navigate the world, make decisions, and perform
complex tasks. Understanding how humans see thus represents one of the most …

The developing brain is talkative but its language is not that of the adult. Most if not all
voltage and transmitter-gated ionic currents follow a developmental sequence and network …

Before the onset of sensory transduction, developing neural circuits spontaneously generate
correlated activity in distinct spatial and temporal patterns. During this period of patterned …

Flexibly selecting appropriate actions in response to complex, ever-changing environments
requires both cortical and subcortical regions, which are typically described as participating …

Visual signals in the vertebrate retina are shaped by feedback and feedforward inhibition in
two synaptic layers. In one, horizontal cells establish fundamental center-surround receptive …

The role of postnatal experience in sculpting cortical circuitry, while long appreciated, is
poorly understood at the level of cell types. We explore this in the mouse primary visual …

The visual system is beautifully crafted to transmit information of the external world to visual
processing and cognitive centers in the brain. For visual information to be relayed to the …

Brain connections are organized into topographic maps that are precisely aligned both
within and across modalities. This alignment facilitates coherent integration of different …

Spontaneous activity fine-tunes neuronal connections in the developing brain. To explore
the underlying synaptic plasticity mechanisms, we monitored naturally occurring changes in …