G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of drug targets, largely owing to
their druggability, diversity and physiological efficacy. Many drugs selectively target specific …

G βγ subunits from heterotrimeric G proteins perform a vast array of functions in cells with
respect to signaling, often independently as well as in concert with G α subunits. However …

Optical manipulations of genetically defined cell types have generated significant insights
into the dynamics of neural circuits. While optogenetic activation has been relatively …

The signal transduction by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is mediated by
heterotrimeric G proteins composed from one of the 16 Gα subunits and the inseparable Gβγ …

G-protein βγ subunits are key participants in G-protein signaling. These subunits facilitate
interactions between receptors and G proteins that are critical for the G protein activation …

Highlights•Optogenetic tools provide precise spatial and temporal control of GPCR
signaling.•Light-sensitive proteins can be engineered for GPCR-specific applications.• …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) transmit information to the cell interior by transducing
external signals to heterotrimeric G protein subunits, Gα and Gβγ subunits, localized on the …

Gβγ subunits play key roles in modulation of canonical effectors in G protein-coupled
receptor (GPCR)-dependent signalling at the cell surface. However, a number of recent …

To form protrusions like neurites, cells must coordinate their induction and growth. The first
requires cytoskeletal rearrangements at the plasma membrane (PM), the second requires …

G-protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) activity gradients evoke important cell behavior but
there is a dearth of methods to induce such asymmetric signaling in a cell. Here we …