The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS),
published in 2021, is the sixth version of the international standard for the classification of …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in the regulation of gene expression, a process known
as miRNA-induced gene silencing. The human genome codes for many miRNAs, and their …

There is an urgent unmet need for robust and reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis,
prognosis, and prediction of response to specific treatments of many aggressive and deadly …

Abstract Embryonal tumor with Multilayered Rosettes (ETMR) is a relatively rare but typically
deadly type of brain tumor that occurs mostly in infants. Since the discovery of the …

Recent genomic studies have shed light on the biology and inter-tumoral heterogeneity
underlying pineal parenchymal tumors, in particular pineoblastomas (PBs) and pineal …

Simple Summary Pineal region tumors are rare intracranial tumors. A deeper knowledge of
these tumors' molecular mechanisms has been gained in recent years, which has led to a …

Primary thyroid teratomas are exceedingly rare. Mature and immature variants recapitulate
their gonadal counterparts (predilection for infants/children, triphasic germ layer …

Extensive studies have focused on the misregulation of individual miRNAs in cancer. More
recently, mutations in the miRNA biogenesis and processing machinery have been …

Context Pituitary blastoma is a rare, dysontogenetic hypophyseal tumor of infancy first
described in 2008, strongly suggestive of DICER1 syndrome. Objective This work aims to …

Pediatric brain tumors are the most common solid malignancies in children. Advances in the
treatment of pediatric brain tumors have come in the form of imaging, biopsy, surgical …