Human torque teno viruses (TTVs) are new, emerging infectious agents, recently assigned
to the family Anelloviridae. The first representative of the genus, torque teno virus (TTV), was …

Anelloviruses are small, single stranded circular DNA viruses. They are extremely diverse
and have not been associated with any disease so far. Strikingly, these small entities infect …

Background Late antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) is a leading cause of transplant
failure. Blocking IL-6 has been proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy. Methods We …

A current controversy is whether patients with sepsis progress to an immunosuppressed
state. We hypothesized that reactivation of latent viruses occurred with prolonged sepsis …

The bacterial component of the human gut microbiota undergoes a definable program of
postnatal development. Evidence is accumulating that this program is disrupted in children …

Few studies have examined the lung virome in health and disease. Outcomes of lung
transplantation are known to be influenced by several recognized respiratory viruses, but …

Potent immunosuppressive drugs have been introduced into clinical care for solid organ
transplant recipients. It is now time to guide these drugs on an individual level to optimize …

Rationale: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive, uniformly fatal interstitial lung
disease. An acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an episode of acute …

The nonpathogenic and ubiquitous torque teno virus (TTV) is associated with
immunosuppression in solid organ transplant recipients. Studies in kidney transplant …

Background Drug-induced immunosuppression following kidney transplantation is crucial to
prevent allograft rejection, but increases risk for infectious disease. Tailoring of drug dosing …