Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are extracellular matrix (ECM) chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan
(CSPG)-containing structures that surround the soma and dendrites of various mammalian …

The nodes of Ranvier have clustered Na+ and K+ channels necessary for rapid and efficient
axonal action potential conduction. However, detailed mechanisms of channel clustering …

At the base of axons sits a unique compartment called the axon initial segment (AIS). The
AIS generates and shapes the action potential before it is propagated along the axon …

Extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules in the central nervous system form highly organized
ECM structures around cell somata, axon initial segments, and synapses and play …

Axons are generally considered as reliable transmission cables in which stable propagation
occurs once an action potential is generated. Axon dysfunction occupies a central position in …

Many synapses in the mature CNS are wrapped by a dense extracellular matrix (ECM).
Using single-particle tracking and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we found that …

The axon initial segment (AIS) is located at the proximal axon and is the site of action
potential initiation. This reflects the high density of ion channels found at the AIS. Adaptive …

Neurons are among the most highly polarized cell types in the body, and the polarization of
axon and dendrites underlies the ability of neurons to integrate and transmit information in …

The axon initial segment (AIS), located within the first 30 μm of the axon, has two essential
roles in generating action potentials and maintaining axonal identity. AIS assembly depends …

Ion channel clustering at the axon initial segment (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier has been
suggested to be a key evolutionary innovation that enabled the development of the complex …