Many trace metals are essential micronutrients, but also potent toxins. Due to natural and
anthropogenic causes, vastly different trace metal concentrations occur in various habitats …

Copper (Cu) is a cofactor in proteins that are involved in electron transfer reactions and is an
essential micronutrient for plants. Copper delivery is accomplished by the concerted action …

Oxygenic photosynthesis, the principal converter of sunlight into chemical energy on earth,
is catalyzed by four multi-subunit membrane-protein complexes: photosystem I (PSI) …

Cyanobacteria have evolved elaborate electron transport pathways to carry out
photosynthesis and respiration, and to dissipate excess energy in order to limit cellular …

Transition metals are involved in essential biological processes in plants since they are
cofactors of metalloproteins and also act as regulator elements. Particularly, plant …

Major copper proteins in the cytoplasm of plant cells are plastocyanin, copper/zinc
superoxide dismutase, and cytochrome c oxidase. Under copper limited conditions …

Significance: Photosynthesis, the process that drives life on earth, relies on transition metal
(eg, Fe and Cu) containing proteins that participate in electron transfer in the chloroplast …

Copper delivery to the thylakoid lumen protein plastocyanin and the stromal enzyme Cu/Zn
superoxide dismutase in chloroplasts is required for photosynthesis and oxidative stress …

Photosynthesis started to evolve some 3.5 billion years ago CO2 is the substrate for
photosynthesis and in the past 200–250 years, atmospheric levels have approximately …

Transition metal deficiency has a strong impact on the growth and survival of an organism.
Indeed, transition metals, such as iron, copper, manganese and zinc, constitute essential …