[HTML][HTML] An empirical evaluation of prompting strategies for large language models in zero-shot clinical natural language processing: algorithm development and …

S Sivarajkumar, M Kelley… - JMIR Medical …, 2024 - medinform.jmir.org
Background Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural
language processing (NLP), especially in domains where labeled data are scarce or …

Large language models in biomedicine and health: current research landscape and future directions

Z Lu, Y Peng, T Cohen, M Ghassemi… - Journal of the …, 2024 - academic.oup.com
Large language models (LLMs) are a specialized type of generative artificial intelligence (AI)
focused on generating natural language text. These models are developed through …

Harnessing EHR data for health research

AS Tang, SR Woldemariam, S Miramontes… - Nature Medicine, 2024 - nature.com
With the increasing availability of rich, longitudinal, real-world clinical data recorded in
electronic health records (EHRs) for millions of patients, there is a growing interest in …

Me llama: Foundation large language models for medical applications

Q Xie, Q Chen, A Chen, C Peng, Y Hu, F Lin… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2024 - arxiv.org
Recent large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and LLaMA have shown great promise
in many AI applications. However, their performance on medical tasks is suboptimal and can …

Advancing entity recognition in biomedicine via instruction tuning of large language models

VK Keloth, Y Hu, Q Xie, X Peng, Y Wang… - …, 2024 - academic.oup.com
Abstract Motivation Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to revolutionize the
field of Natural Language Processing, excelling not only in text generation and reasoning …

Zero-shot evaluation of ChatGPT for food named-entity recognition and linking

M Ogrinc, B Koroušić Seljak, T Eftimov - Frontiers in Nutrition, 2024 - frontiersin.org
Introduction Recognizing and extracting key information from textual data plays an important
role in intelligent systems by maintaining up-to-date knowledge, reinforcing informed …

Investigating the increase of violent speech in Incel communities with human-guided GPT-4 prompt iteration

D Matter, M Schirmer, N Grinberg… - Frontiers in Social …, 2024 - frontiersin.org
This study investigates the prevalence of violent language on incels. is. It evaluates GPT
models (GPT-3.5 and GPT-4) for content analysis in social sciences, focusing on the impact …

Utilizing active learning strategies in machine-assisted annotation for clinical named entity recognition: a comprehensive analysis considering annotation costs and …

J Liu, ZSY Wong - Journal of the American Medical Informatics …, 2024 - academic.oup.com
Objectives Active learning (AL) has rarely integrated diversity-based and uncertainty-based
strategies into a dynamic sampling framework for clinical named entity recognition (NER) …

A comparative study of large language model-based zero-shot inference and task-specific supervised classification of breast cancer pathology reports

M Sushil, T Zack, D Mandair, Z Zheng… - Journal of the …, 2024 - academic.oup.com
Objective Although supervised machine learning is popular for information extraction from
clinical notes, creating large annotated datasets requires extensive domain expertise and is …

[HTML][HTML] Applying generative AI with retrieval augmented generation to summarize and extract key clinical information from electronic health records

M Alkhalaf, P Yu, M Yin, C Deng - Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 2024 - Elsevier
Background Malnutrition is a prevalent issue in aged care facilities (RACFs), leading to
adverse health outcomes. The ability to efficiently extract key clinical information from a large …