A phylogenetic analysis of sequences from 503 species of hylid frogs and four outgroup taxa
resulted in 16,128 aligned sites of 19 genes. The molecular data were subjected to a …

Amphibians have undergone important evolutionary transitions in reproductive modes and
life-cycles. We compare large-scale macroevolutionary patterns in these transitions across …

Ecuador is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, but faces severe pressures and
threats to its natural ecosystems. Numerous species have declined and require to be …

Reproductive biology is an important topic that is well explored in many vertebrates, but
information about frogs' reproductive mechanisms could be improved. Therefore, this review …

Mountainous areas host a disproportionately large fraction of Earth's biodiversity, suggesting
a causal relationship between mountain building and biological diversification. Mountain …

Abstract The South American and West Indian Casque‐headed Treefrogs (Hylidae: Hylinae:
Lophyohylini) include 85 species. These are notably diverse in morphology (eg disparate …

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are key components of host immune defense of vertebrates
against microbial invasions. Here, we report a new AMP (esculentin-1GN) characterized …

Riama is the most speciose genus of the Neotropical lizard family Gymnophthalmidae. Its
more than 30 montane species occur throughout the northern Andes, the Cordillera de la …

Data on species ranges and phylogenetic relationships are key in historical biogeographical
inference. In South America, our understanding of the evolutionary processes that underlie …

The iconic mountains of the Pantepui biogeographical region host many early-diverging
endemic animal and plant lineages, concurring with Conan Doyle's novel about an ancient …