Biological control of plant pathogens is currently accepted as a key practice in sustainable
agriculture because it is based on the management of a natural resource, ie certain …

Plant chitinases are reviewed, including: enzyme activities, substrates and biochemical
properties; classification and structure of chitinases; regulation of chitinases; subcellular …

Biotrophic fungi interacting with plants establish long-term relationships with their hosts to
fulfill their life cycles. In contrast to necrotrophs, they need to contend with the defense …

The term mycorrhiza is used to describe a broad range of mutualistic associations formed
between plant roots and fungi. Such associations exist in the majority of land plant species …

The potential of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum T-203 to trigger plant defense
responses was investigated by inoculating roots of cucumber seedlings with Trichoderma in …

Many microorganisms form symbioses with plants that range, on a continuous scale, from
parasitic to mutualistic. Among these, the most widespread mutualistic symbiosis is the …

Sustainable farming systems strive to minimise the use of synthetic pesticides and to
optimise the use of alternative management strategies to control soil‐borne pathogens …

There has been a considerable amount of recent research aimed at elucidating the roles of
chitinase in fungi and plants. In filamentous fungi and yeasts, chitinase is involved integrally …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi as well as microbial-free inoculants used as
phytostimulators (Azospirillum) or as biological control agents of fungi (Pseudomonas and …

The response of plants to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi involves a temporal and spatial
activation of different defence mechanisms. The activation and regulation of these defences …