Epithelial cells line the entire surface of the gastrointestinal tract and its accessory organs
where they primarily function in transporting digestive enzymes, nutrients, electrolytes, and …

Bile acids, the water-soluble, amphipathic end products of cholesterol metabolism, are
involved in liver, biliary, and intestinal disease. Formed in the liver, bile acids are absorbed …

The colonic epithelium has both absorptive and secretory functions. The transport is
characterized by a net absorption of NaCl, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and water …

▪ Abstract Chloride secretion is the major determinant of mucosal hydration thoughout the
gastrointestinal tract, and chloride transport is also pivotal in the regulation of fluid secretion …

The hydrophilic bile salt ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) protects against the membrane-
damaging effects associated with hydrophobic bile acids. This study was undertaken to (a) …

Pruritus is a common symptom in patients with cholestatic liver diseases such as primary
biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, or …

Background The hydrophilic bile salt ursodeoxycholate (UDCA) inhibits injury by
hydrophobic bile acids and is used to treat cholestatic liver diseases. Interestingly …

Fibrosis is a medical condition characterized by an excessive deposition of extracellular
matrix compounds such as collagen in tissues. Fibrotic lesions are present in many diseases …

Chenodeoxycholate is toxic to hepatocytes, and accumulation of chenodeoxycholate in the
liver during cholestasis may potentiate hepatocellular injury. However, the mechanism of …

The pharmacokinetics, metabolism, as well as the pharmacodynamic actions of
ursodeoxycholic acid are reviewed and related to its physicochemical properties …