In the forced swim test (FST) rodents progressively show increased episodes of immobility if
immersed in a beaker with water from where escape is not possible. In this test, a compound …

In response to stress, the brain activates several neuropeptide-secreting systems. This
eventually leads to the release of adrenal corticosteroid hormones, which subsequently feed …

Bruce McEwen's discovery of receptors for corticosterone in the rat hippocampus introduced
higher brain circuits in the neuroendocrinology of stress. Subsequently, these receptors …

The primary adrenal cortical steroid hormones, aldosterone, and the glucocorticoids cortisol
and corticosterone, act through the structurally similar mineralocorticoid (MR) and …

The limited success of genetic studies of major depression has raised questions concerning
the definition of genetically relevant phenotypes. This paper presents strategies to improve …

Exposure to hostile conditions initiates responses organized to enhance the probability of
survival. These coordinated responses, known as stress responses, are composed of …

Objectives. Transmission of parental post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to offspring might
be explained by transmission of epigenetic processes such as methylation status of the …

For the selection of relevant information out of a continuous stream of information, which is a
common definition of attention, two core mechanisms are assumed: a competition-based …

Corticosteroids–secreted after stress–have profound effects on brain and behavior. These
effects are mediated by mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors, which are …

Major depression is a common, severe, chronic, and often life-threatening illness. There is a
growing appreciation that, far from being a disease with purely psychological manifestations …