Background Use of combustible cigarettes (CCs) and smokeless oral tobacco products are
well documented risk factors for a variety of oral diseases. However, the potential oral health …

Objectives: To provide an in-depth analysis of noninvasive methods for the early diagnosis
of oral premalignant lesions, focusing on novel biomarkers and optical technologies, and to …

Oral exfoliative cytology has emerged as a valuable tool in the early detection of oral cancer
and other systemic diseases. This review comprehensively examines the current …

Objective To assess differences based on gender in nuclear area (NA), cytoplasmic area
(CA), and nuclear‐cytoplasmic ratio (N: C ratio) values for clinically normal buccal smears in …

Background Oral cancer screening requires analysis capable of detecting changes
preceding the clinical manifestation. Oral cytopathology studies as an oral cancer screening …

Pre-malignant lesions or precancerous lesions are diseases that should be diagnosed at an
early stage. Leukoplakia, erythroplakia, oral submucous fibrosis and lichen planus are the …

Results: The observed mean age of the cases was 50.3 years. In snuff users, the mean age
was 56.97 (SD+14. 71) while in non-users the mean age was 47.43 (SD+13. 44). In snuff …

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and recurrence patterns in
cases of surgical excision of oral leukoplakia and identify key factors associated with …

Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão da literatura (revisão narrativa) é abordar a lesão oral
potencialmente maligna (LOPM) mais prevalente que é a leucoplasia oral de forma a que …

Background Use of traditional tobacco products, including combustible cigarettes (CCs) and
smokeless oral products, is an established risk factor for various oral diseases. A potential …